Analysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral - 970 Words

In Raymond Carver’s short story, â€Å"Cathedral†, we meet the character who is never named, and who is known as the narrator to us. Although the narrator’s character changed towards the end, and we don’t really learn much after the change of his personality, it is still a gradual change that took place. The narrator’s attitude is very important in the story because it revolves around him and the way he views things. This short story is about a man who is married to a woman, and this woman has been friends with a blind man who is going to visit her at her home, after his wife has just passed away. The narrator does not like the idea of the blind man visiting his home, and finds himself very uncomfortable about the visit. He criticizes everything the blind man does, and does not understand that there is more to life than just having eyesight. The narrator has a change of insight at the end of the short story due to the blind man named Robert, who sho ws him there is more to life than not being able to see. The narrator in this story is a dynamic character. In the beginning of the story we learn that the narrator is not into the blind man visiting him in his home, as he states, â€Å"I wasn’t enthusiastic about his visit. He was no one† (Carver 448). The narrator shows signs of jealousy towards the blind man, as his wife speaks of him very highly, and he is very close to his wife. He is very close minded at the beginning of the story. When he was told that the blind man was married, heShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1696 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom, or trying to bury alive. Cathedral, written by Raymond Carver, takes place in the early 1980’s. Originally published in The Atlantic Monthly in 1981. Carver slightly revised the story and re-released it in 1983. At a time when the blue collar working class lived paycheck to paycheck, working hard for newfound luxuries such as color television , this short story is humorous and eye-opening for the reader. For adults ranging from thirty to forty years old, the 1980’s were possibly a ghostly, hauntingRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1426 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis in Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral†: The Narrator Literature has the potential to act as a mirror by presenting people’s lived experiences, expectations, and perceptions through characters. Such is what can be deciphered through the analysis of different characters in Raymond Carver’s story â€Å"Cathedral.† This paper focuses on the narrator of the story portrayed by the author as blind, which is used metaphorically not to imply physical blindness, but the inability to have reasonedRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1006 Words   |  5 Pages Gabrielle Sobolewski English 200 Professor Ruth Jennison 11/12/15 The short story â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver is told from the perspective of a first-person narrator. Throughout the story, the narrator is self-absorbed in his own thoughts and emotions and fails in his willingness to overlook personal insecurities in order to accommodate others’ discomfort, i.e. predominantly his wife and the blind man. In general, the story lacks figurative language and is told in short, directRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1097 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 2015 Cathedral by Raymond Carver In this short story by Raymond Carver begins with a man whose wife invited a good friend over named Robert and is blind. Before Roberts Arrival, the wife’s husband, whose name is Bub, does not know what to make out of his wife’s good friend Robert coming over to their house. Carver utilizes a story of a blind man who changes Bub’s outlook in life. Through the narrators changing character, theme of loneliness and jealousy, and the cathedral being a symbolRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 943 Words   |  4 PagesIn Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral†, the short story is told by a character within the story. The first-person point of view gives us a transparent visual of an important time in the narrators’ life. The narrator, who is â€Å"un-named† in the beginning of the story, uses blunt, flawless and a particular choice of words. This gives us as the reader a deeper connection with the narrator. The narrator begins this story by taking us through the changes he go through with the uneasy feeling of having a blind-manRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s The Cathedral 863 Words   |  4 Pages One of the Raymond Carver story where we can find a lot of religion symbols; it is â€Å"Cathedral.† The story develops an ironic situation in which a blind man teaches a sighted man to truly â€Å"see† for the first time. Near the end of the story, Carver has these two characters work together on a drawing of a cathedral, which serves as the symbolic heart of the story. The cathedral represents true sight, the ability to see beyond the surface to the true meaning that lies within. The narrator’s drawingRead MoreAn Analysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1794 Words   |  8 Pages A Cynics Enlightenment Raymond Carver’s short-story Cathedral is outwardly about a pessimistic man, whose wife’s blind visitor named Robert changes the narrators predisposing perception of the world and awakes a new view on life in the process. But inwardly, the story is about the desperate need for connection between these three characters, which isn’t feasible do to the emotional-detachment by the narrator. In the beginning, the narrator is hindered by his prejudices which doesn t allow himRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1524 Words   |  7 PagesAs if someone has unlocked his prison cell to liberate him of his stereotypical point of view. The protagonist of Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† was an individual whose stagnant mind has blind him from truly seeing the aspects and characteristics of people around him. Before meeting his wife’s blind friend whose name is Robert, the protagonist perceives reality with a stereotypical mind-set shaped by m isleading information from movies. Hence, he make judgement about other people without ever settingRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral2364 Words   |  10 Pagesmost. The same could be said about people who are limited by one or more of their six senses and are judged by the majority of the population who are not limited and make preconceived notions about these limitations which can bind them. Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† explores many literary devices that reveal the pre conceived perception towards people with physical limitations without understanding the individual first, which is still a problem today. The protagonist, the narrator is closed mindedRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1340 Words   |  6 PagesRaymond Carver’s characters were considered to be very much like him: â€Å"’on the edge: of poverty, alcoholic self-destruction, loneliness† (Mays 32). His short story â€Å"Cathedral† is about a young couple, who have a visitor coming to stay with them. This visitor, Robert, is the wife’s friend, and he is blind. The narrator, the husband, has never met someone who is blind, was bothered by that. To him, being blind meant constantly needing help from others. His depiction of blindness was what he has seen

The interference of stroop effect on colours and words - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1696 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? ABSTRACT The major focus of this experiment was to study and run an investigation how changing or matching the font color of a given stimulus word towards the color named by the word would affect the time to react when identifying the font color of these words. This is called the stoop effect one of the fundamental phenomenon that is commonly used in cognitive psychology. In other words this experiment would purposely investigate the existing difference in the time taken to react towards either incongruent conditions or congruent conditions. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The interference of stroop effect on colours and words" essay for you Create order The participants were required to identify the color of the words present not paying any attention to the actual word. However the time taken by the participant to give a response at every step was recorded in ms. There after a hypothetical test using the t-test method was carried on the collected data to proof the fact that the reaction time during the congruent condition was actually faster. INSTRUCTION The concept of Stroop effect was effective in the year 1935 by John Ridley Stroop basically from the automatic process theory. This theory was concerned with how the processing activities would automatically propagate as a result long-term practice or involvement, at some point response towards such activities would be faster, with less attention and they are not easily avoided (Crank, 1973). According to Stroop the activities such as identifying the word and their associated color was also a form that relied on the automatic process. Therefore the stroop effect was actually a test that demonstrated the distinction or change in time of reaction towards naming the colors, reading the colors of the names and naming the colors of the words painted in different colors (Weiner, 2003). The key aim or objective of the stroop effect experiment was to identify the cognitive ability as well as the attention focus based on the memory and the learning. The cognitive ability for a given individual particularly for concentrating on a given stimuli in the surroundings while not paying any consideration to the others is a fundamental element of attention. The basis of the research around the Stroop effect was the fact that if interference can divert the attention of a given individual from a given stimuli then interference is effective and can impact the neural or cognitive components of discriminatory attention. Stroop used two theories to explain the basis of the Stroop effect; Speed of Processing Theory and the Selective Attention Theory. According to the Selective Attention Theory interference would normally take place since the process of naming colours calls for a great level of more attention than just reading these words. On the other hand the Speed of Processing Theory points out that interference can easily occur just because the process of reading words is faster than the step of naming the colours. Similarly would this diff erent dimension of stimuli have an impact on the reaction time or the response speed? These were some of the question that Stroop based on to carry out his research and the stroop effect experiments. The origin of the stroop effect experiments was the Schneider and Schifrin (1977); the controlled and automatic processing theory. According to the two, automatic form of control was faster than the controlled processing. Therefore if a given activity is automated it would tend to take place or happen with little or actually no conscious effort. On the other hand according to Sheibe, Shaver and Carrier (1967), it was an easier task to make an identification of a congruent word compared to the incongruent words. This was concurred with point of view in the investigation done by Stroop (1935). However much had been done and researched on the key relationship among these contradictory processes, but it was actually Stroop that brought in the element of combining the colours and words, thus Stroop effect. He considered the ability of people against reading colour names and naming the coloured words. Stroop (1935) made a reliable conclusion that there is an effect of interference that imp acted the participants especially on the time they took to complete the task (Weiner Craighead, 2010). As far as this experiment is concerned the analysis would be done using a hypothesis testing method of the T-testing approach to proof that actually according to Stroop (1935), there is an existing interference that impact the respond especially in incongruent situations compared to the congruent situation. This form of data analysis would require the experimenter to generate the mean and the standard deviation value related to the response time in milliseconds. In this analysis a 0.10 significant level was considered. The However from these values the T-test would then be done in order to commit reliable conclusion based on the formulated hypothesis. There are two forms of hypothesis considered in this analysis: the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. The Null hypothesis states that, the reaction time for the congruent and the incongruent situation were the same ( µ1- µ2) = 0. The Alternative hypothesis states that, the reaction time for the incongruent situation was higher than the reaction time for the congruent situation ( µ1- µ2) ?0. The hypothesis in place is compost of a two-tailed test; therefore once the mean value is test to be either much bigger or smaller than the then the null hypothesis is rejected (Dodd, Michael, 2001). DESIGN The design that was considered in this experiment was a repeated measure with two variables in place; the stimuli A and stimuli B. The two stimuli all had a mixture of congruent and incongruent aspects. The stimuli A in this case had 30 congruent words will stimuli B had 30 incongruent, stimuli A could be considered as   the uncontrolled experiment where the names of the words bared their associated colour while the stimuli B was the controlled experiment where the names of the wordings was different from the colours they bared. Each of these stimuli had 30 variables and the two were presented for testing within 51 participants. The researcher or the experimenter was expected to carry out both the stimuli A and B on each participant where the response or reaction time at each stimulus for both the congruent and incongruent was recorded in seconds. PARTICIPANTS Fifty one undergraduate students from college willingly volunteered to take part and participated in this laboratory practical. All of those who participated in the experiment were situated within the same stimuli or environment and taken through the exercise by the experimenter. However the participants considered for these exercise were strictly over 18 years of age in mixed gender without any discriminations such as their nationality. As far as the statistics is concerned the average age of the fifty one participants was 36.56 years at a standard deviation of 9.30911. The youngest among the participants was 19 years of age while the eldest participant was 64 years.   However the time taken by each participant to respond or react to a given stimuli was keenly record and the participant were encourage to proceed in case they failed to respond at a given point. MATERIALS The apparatus that were used for the success of this experiment included a personal computer to run the stimuli and a projector to display the same to the participants. The response time of each participant was recorded using a stopwatch. However the collected data was analyzed using the SPSS software. PROCEDURE The participants were taken through the instruction before starting the laboratory process and test individually. Each of these participants was provided with the two list; stimuli A and B containing 30 stimuli each. The participants were requested to give a response to each and every stimulus as quickly as possible by specifying the colours of the words presented on the projector. The response time taken by each participant to react to both the congruent (Stimuli A) and incongruent (Stimuli B) were recorded. RESULTS The response or the reaction time in Milliseconds (Ms.) for each participant for both the congruent and incongruent situation was collected and some of the outcomes of the erroneous response were removed to make a reliable data for analysis. However the mean values and the standard deviation for each set of data were clearly analyzed and presented using the SPSS statistical tool. From the analysis the mean value obtain for congruent situation (Stimuli A) was 21.6157 and for the incongruent situation (Stimuli B) was 35.004. On the other hand the standard deviation value for congruent situation was 7.6833 and for the incongruent situation it was 9.04817. The table below shows the data analysis for the standard deviation and the mean values for both the congruent and incongruent experimental situations. The graphical representation for the above analysis is as shown below for both the mean and standard deviation values. ANALYSIS Computing the standard error (SE), the degree of freedom (DF) as well as the t-test value (t). SE = Sqrt[(S12/N1) + (S22/N2)] Where; S1=7.6833, S2=9.04817, N1=51 and   N2=51 SE = sqrt[(7.68332/51) + (9.048172/51] = sqrt(1.1575 + 1.6053) = sqrt(2.7627) = 1.66216 SE=1.66216 DF = (S12/N1 + S22/N2)2 / { [ (S12/ N1)2 / (N1 1) ] + [ (S22 / N2)2 / (N2 1) ] } DF = (7.68332/51 + 9.048172/51)2 / { [ (7.68332/ 51)2 / (51 1) ] + [ (9.048172 / 51)2 / (51 1) ] } DF = (1.1575+ 1.6052)2 / { [ (1.1575)2 / (51) ] + [ (1.6052)2 / (51) ] }= 7.6325/(0.02627+0.05052) DE=99.39 t = [( µ1  µ2) d] / SE = [ (21.6157 -35.3004 ) 0 ] / 1.66216 = -13.6847/1.66216 = -8.2330 For a two tailed test, the P-value would be the probability that a statistic of 99 degree of freedom exceeds -8.2330; greater or less than 8.2330 or -8.2330 respectively (Proctor, 1994). From the t-distribution calculator at P (t -8.2330) = 0.000, and P (t 8.2330) = 0.000. Thus, the P-value = 0.000 + 0.000= 0.000 Therefore since the P-value (0.000) is much less than the set significance level of 0.10 then the null hypothesis in this case is rejected. The alternative hypothesis is true; the reaction time for the incongruent situation was higher than the reaction time for the congruent situation (Cramer, 1967). CONCLUSION The alternative hypothesis was that the reaction time for the incongruent situation was higher than the reaction time for the congruent situation. The results from these experiment supports this hypothesis, since the time that one would take to respond to a incongruent situation was much longer compared to a congruent situation. Therefore according to the element of this experiment, interference can divert the attention of a given individual from a given stimuli by impacting the neural or cognitive components of discriminatory attention (Korbmacher, 2016). This goes hand in hand according to Stroop (1935) and Sheibe, Shaver and Carrier (1967), it is an easier task to make an identification of a congruent word compared to the incongruent words.

Persuasive Speech Sports Is A Huge Thing That Mean A...

Onsite audience Abstract: Sports is a huge thing that mean a lot for people all over the countries because of the entertainment which is provided to them by it. The sport has no meaning without the fans and spectators which they come and watch the sport onsite, they are like the soulmate they complete each other. The debate that has been found here was about â€Å"do onsite audience do more good than harm?†. There was two opinions that have been raised here, one opinion with the spectators while other opinion against the spectators. Who are against claim that spectators onsite do a lot of violence acts and they are huge danger on players because, they stress players while playing. On the contrary the other opinion say that the spectators do a lot for sports as they give spirit for players and also enhance the economy of a lot of team sports, the upcoming lines will show how sensible that why the second opinion is more true and valid. Nowadays the concept of spectating in sports is a part of the game, there is no meaning for sports without audience and fans. It has been known that the football has the most audience among all other sports, most of people love football and watch it frequently. There is a lot of other spectator sports like volleyball, hand ball , rugby , ice hokey and a lot of other spectator sports but football is the most watched sport and have most fans among these sports. Usually the football sport have most number of onsite spectators or audience dueShow MoreRelatedEssay on Terrorism in the Media1109 Words   |  5 Pagesaccompanying reports of their exploits, thus reducing terrorism to mere crime or sabotage. Through the media the world can see how terrorism has much in common with propaganda. Both can be expressed verbally and non-verbally and can be persuasive in intent, rather than, say, informative. 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Othello (232 words) Essay Example For Students

Othello (232 words) Essay The director of Othello at the Alley was very curious to know how other productions had 0 ,t* ,, , , ^n rr, r -, handled the trance scene (i.e. the moment in 4. 1 when Othello falls into an epileptic seizure). A ;pl utI u hAS Find as many descriptions as you can of how this moment was staged in other productions ^#tb{t Ofi 5;dpIotqfilmed versions of the play count) and write up summaries of them. Also, compile informationil, 4*uf*r1 g $: on the different types of seizures that epileptics experience in real life: what they look like, whatT :,Uln-( they feel like for the sufferer, what causes ihm, etc. These documents should be aimed aittre ?3W . rr- It I audience of a director and the actor plafng Othello.:irt*rE vLwv ur**{ff*o*..n1?tft*e*?l-he$r-4) The actor playing Michael Cassio in the Alley production was very curious about his statu$ldff irl d; an outsider. He has in common with Othello that he is not a native of Venice. Where is hefrom? What was the popular image of Cassios home city in Shakespeares day, and what wasthe basis for this image? How do other characters (especially Iago) refer to Cassio in the play,and how are these references connected to his home city? Answer these questions in a report forthe director and the actor playing Cassio.